In 1950 Mao Zedong ordered the Chinese takeover of Tibet resulting in communist troops marching into and occupying Tibet to enforce its claim on the tiny country. Since 1979 there has been economic reform, but no political reform, like the rest of the China.

From Beijing's perspective, the area has been part of China for centuries, but for many, the Chinese government is an occupying power which has shown little regard for human rights or for Tibet's unique culture. Some PRC policies in Tibet have been described as moderate, while others are judged to be more oppressive. Most religious freedoms have been officially restored, provided the lamas do not challenge PRC rule.

Foreigners can visit most parts of Tibet, and it is claimed that more unpleasant aspects of PRC rule are kept hidden from visitors. According to the Beijing authorities, they are erecting a huge 35-ton statue of Chairman Mao Zedong in in Gonggar County, near the Tibetan capital Lhasa, Tibet to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the former leader's death. The statue will rise 7m from a 5m pedestal strengthened to withstand earthquakes and is scheduled for completion in July.