What is it: Giardiasis is a diarrhoea illness caused by a microscopic
parasite (Giardia intestinalis) that lives in the intestines of people
and animals. It can occur anywhere in the world, although it is most frequent
where water is not clean.

How do I get it: transmission occurs from ingestion of contaminated
food or water or from exposure to faecal contaminated surfaces and from
person to person by the faecal-oral route including homosexual practices.

What happens if I get it: symptoms occur approximately 1 to 2
weeks after ingestion of the parasite and usually last for over five days.
Symptoms include Diarrhoea, flatulence, nausea, abdominal cramps, bloating,
weight loss,

Diagnosis and treatment: the infection can usually be identified
through a stool sample. A 7-10 day course of antibiotics, usually metronidazole
sorts things out.

How can I avoid contracting giardiasis: no vaccination is available,
so it is best to avoid drinking or eating food from utensils that may
have been washed in contaminated water. To be sure, boil water for at
least one minute – longer if at high altitudes. Wash hands thoroughly
with soap and water. Also wash your hands after using the toilet and before
handling or eating food (especially for persons with diarrhoea). Avoid
drinking untreated water or using ice. Wash and/or peel all raw vegetables
and fruits before eating and use uncontaminated water to wash all food
that is to be eaten raw. Avoid eating uncooked foods when travelling in
countries with minimal water treatment and sanitation system.