The Whale shark (Rhincodon Typus) is the largest fish in the world,
growing up to 12m (40 feet) in length. Though massive in size, whale sharks are
completely harmless and feed on plankton and small fish which are
filtered from the water as they cruise the world's oceans.
Despite their size, whale sharks are remarkably gentle and curious.
They have a slow growth rate, only reaching maturity at around 30
years old and living as long as 60 – 100 years. Their reproduction
rate is also very slow – long intervals between pregnancies and
producing around a few hundred pups at one time.
Whale Sharks are located near the Equator around coast lines and
open seas. They swim mostly along the top of the surface. Whale
sharks can be found in the following areas:
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Western Atlantic: New York to central Brazil and including Gulf
of Mexico and Caribbean.
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Eastern Atlantic: Senegal, Mauritania, Cape Verde Islands, Gulf
of Guinea.
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Indo-West and Central Pacific: South Africa and Red Sea to
Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand, China, Japan,
Philippines, Indonesia (Kalimantan, Java, Irian Jaya), Papua New
Guinea, Australia (Queensland, Northern Territory), New
Caledonia, Hawaiian Islands.
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Eastern Pacific: Southern California to northern Chile.
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Indian Ocean: the Seychelles, Mauritius, Zanzibar, Madagascar,
Mozambique and northernmost Natal.
Unfortunately, in some countries such as India and the Philippines,
the whale shark is often hunted for meat which is sold to feed the
rich in SE Asia, where whale shark meat is an expensive delicacy.
Numbers have certainly been reduced, but with the migratory habits
of the sharks, it is very difficult to track and count them.
February to May: The time of year to see a whale shark in Thailand
is between February and May.
April to June: Whale shark sightings are extremely common on the
Ningaloo Reef in the months of mid April-June. A spotter plane
communicates with boats as it spots the large shadow of a whale
shark near the surface. Interactions are regulated by CALM
(Conservation and Land Management), which limits the number of
snorkellers in the water with a shark to a maximum of 10 and does
not allow the use of flash photography. There are also strictly
regulated guidelines including the distance a snorkeller should
stay from the animal and how long a single interaction with a whale
shark may last. These measures are mainly to reduce stress to the
sharks, another unknown factor for scientists, even though people
have been interacting with whale sharks on the Ningaloo for many
years.
April to June: southern Belize offers whale shark spotting
opportunities. The best time to do so during these months are three
days before the full moon to three days after the last quarter
moon. It's during these times that the Cubera Snappers spawn,
attracting the Whale Sharks.
July to September: Rarely seen in shallow coastal waters, whale
sharks have been regular visitors to the Sea of Cortez near Bahia
de Los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico are closest to the US and
are a good place to encounter whale sharks at this time of year.
November to April: whale sharks can be seen around Richelieu Rock
in the North Andaman Sea.
If you have had a whale shark encounter, the Beetle would love to
hear from you!