{"id":1954,"date":"2005-03-27T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-03-27T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/2005\/03\/27\/armenia-a-cradle-of-civilisation-by-mushegh-gevorgyan\/"},"modified":"2014-10-08T19:08:10","modified_gmt":"2014-10-08T19:08:10","slug":"armenia-a-cradle-of-civilisation-by-mushegh-gevorgyan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/armenia-a-cradle-of-civilisation-by-mushegh-gevorgyan.html","title":{"rendered":"Armenia &#8211; a Cradle of Civilisation\n by Mushegh Gevorgyan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n Where is Armenia? Armenia is the smallest of the former Soviet<br \/>\n republics, bounded by Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east,<br \/>\n Iran to the south, and Turkey to the west. Aremenia counts amongst<br \/>\n one of the world&#039;s oldest civilizations and once included Mount<br \/>\n Ararat, (now in modern day Turkey) the mountain identified in the<br \/>\n bible as being where Noah&#039;s ark rested after the flood. Under<br \/>\n Tigrane the Great (fl. 95-55 B.C.) the Armenian Empire reached its<br \/>\n height and became one of the most powerful in Asia, starching from<br \/>\n the Caspian to the Mediterranean Seas. Throughout most of its long<br \/>\n history, however, Armenia has been invaded by a succession of<br \/>\n conquerors- the Greeks, Romans, Persians, Byzantines, Mongols,<br \/>\n Arabs, Ottoman Turks, and the Russians.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n From the 16th century through to World War I, significant parts of<br \/>\n Armenia were controlled by the Ottoman Turks, under whom they<br \/>\n experienced discrimination, religious persecution, heavy taxation,<br \/>\n and armed attacks. In response to Armenian nationalist stirrings,<br \/>\n the Turks massacred thousands of Armenians in 1894 and 1896. After<br \/>\n the Turkish defeat in World War I, the independent Republic of<br \/>\n Armenia was established on May 28, 1918, but survived only until<br \/>\n November 29, 1920, when it was annexed by the Soviet Army. On March<br \/>\n 12, 1922, the Soviets joined Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan to<br \/>\n form the Transcaucasian Soviet Socialist Republic, which became<br \/>\n part of the U.S.S.R. In 1936, after a reorganization, Armenia<br \/>\n became a separate constituent republic of the U.S.S.R.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n Armenia declared its independence from the collapsing Soviet Union<br \/>\n on September 23, 1991. An Armenian Diaspora has existed throughout<br \/>\n the nation&#039;s history, and Armenian emigration has been<br \/>\n particularly heavy since independence from the Soviet Union. An<br \/>\n estimated 60% of the total eight million Armenians worldwide live<br \/>\n outside the country, with one million each in the U.S. and Russia.<br \/>\n Significant Armenian communities are located in Georgia, France,<br \/>\n Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Argentina, and Canada.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n Armenia &#8211; acknowledged as one of the cradles of civilization &#8211; is a<br \/>\n beautiful country with a sophisticated people and a long and<br \/>\n cultured history. As a result, Armenia is an intriguing tourist<br \/>\n destination. Numerous monuments and masterpieces of the Ancient era<br \/>\n and Middle Ages can be found throughout the country. Tourism in<br \/>\n Armenia is rooted in the country&#039;s historical landmarks and<br \/>\n natural attractions such as the water resorts of Lake Seventh hot<br \/>\n springs of Arzni and Jermuk, the forests of Dilijan, Aghveran,<br \/>\n Tsaghkadzor, Bjurakan and Gugark, and the mountainous natural caves<br \/>\n and cliffs of the Southeast region. The 5165 meter Mount Ararat,<br \/>\n geographically located in Turkey, is a national symbol of Armenia<br \/>\n and is visible from much of the Southwest region.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\" \" src=\"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/pictures\/MarchApril-2005-263db315.jpg\" align=\"RIGHT\" hspace=\"5\" width=\"188\" height=\"133\" border=\"0\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\" \" src=\"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/pictures\/MarchApril-2005-31c0964a.jpg\" align=\"LEFT\" hspace=\"5\" width=\"140\" height=\"116\" border=\"0\" \/>The majestic peaks of Mount Ararat provide a stunning<br \/>\n backdrop to Yerevan. The monastery of Khor-Virab and the ruins of<br \/>\n the ancient city of Dvin (dating back to the second century BC) are<br \/>\n located in the mid-distance Aerial view of Yerevan, capital of<br \/>\n Armenia Statue of Komitas, one of Armenia&#039;s most loved<br \/>\n composers, outside the Komitas Conservatory. Apart from writing<br \/>\n many original composition, Komitas travelled the country noting<br \/>\n down folk songs for posterity Yerevan, which is nestled in the<br \/>\n shadow of the snow-capped heights of the majestic mount Ararat,<br \/>\n where the Biblical Noah&#039;s Ark first landed escaping the Great<br \/>\n Flood, is the capital city of Armenia. With a population numbering<br \/>\n over 1.2 million, Yerevan is a bustling city. The central plaza,<br \/>\n Republic Square, is designed in the Armenian national style and<br \/>\n houses the Government House, the Cabinet and other governmental<br \/>\n offices as well as the Erebuni and Armenia hotels.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n Also situated on Republic Square are the Armenian History Museum<br \/>\n and the Art Gallery of Armenia. Here, one finds informative and<br \/>\n interesting models and artefacts of ancient Urartu and Armenia. In<br \/>\n the Art Gallery one finds a worthy section on Armenian art from the<br \/>\n seventh century AD. Amongst the many other museums in the capital<br \/>\n city, the two most interesting house museums are those of landscape<br \/>\n artist Martiros Saryan (1880-1972) and twentieth century composer<br \/>\n Aram Khatchaturyan.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\" \" src=\"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/pictures\/MarchApril-2005-m50443f12.jpg\" align=\"RIGHT\" hspace=\"5\" width=\"84\" height=\"104\" border=\"0\" \/>Yerevan, the ancient capital of Armenia, extends you a<br \/>\n warm and friendly welcome. It is one of the oldest cities in the<br \/>\n world. The earliest recorded settlement there dates back to 782 BC.<br \/>\n King Argishty I founded a fortress city in the north-eastern part<br \/>\n of present-day Yerevan, with the following cuneiform inscription,<br \/>\n &#8220;With the majesty of God Khald, Argishty, son of Menua, built<br \/>\n up this inaccessible castle and named it Erebuni&#8230;&#8221; You can<br \/>\n still see relics from this part of our history at the Erebuni<br \/>\n Museum in Yerevan.\n <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\" \" src=\"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/pictures\/MarchApril-2005-m483f77ea.jpg\" align=\"right\" width=\"169\" height=\"122\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/>\n As you explore the many interesting sights in Yerevan, you will<br \/>\n learn about the culture and history of one of the world&#039;s<br \/>\n oldest nations.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n If you would like more information about Armenia, contact the<br \/>\n author of this article, Mr Mushegh Gevorgyan, who can assist with<br \/>\n tours, visas and translation services: <a href=\"mailto:&#116;&#111;&#117;&#114;&#115;&#064;&#111;&#114;&#105;&#101;&#110;&#116;&#046;&#097;&#109;\"><i>&#116;&#111;&#117;&#114;&#115;&#064;&#111;&#114;&#105;&#101;&#110;&#116;&#046;&#097;&#109;<\/i><\/a>\n <\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Where is Armenia? Armenia is the smallest of the former Soviet republics, bounded by Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Iran to the south, and Turkey to the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","css_class_manager_body_classes":"","css_class_manager_use_in_post_loop":false},"categories":[2,3],"tags":[48],"class_list":["post-1954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archive","category-main-article","tag-march-2005"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Armenia - a Cradle of Civilisation by Mushegh Gevorgyan - eNewsletter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/armenia-a-cradle-of-civilisation-by-mushegh-gevorgyan.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Armenia - a Cradle of Civilisation by Mushegh Gevorgyan - eNewsletter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Where is Armenia? Armenia is the smallest of the former Soviet republics, bounded by Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Iran to the south, and Turkey to the...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/armenia-a-cradle-of-civilisation-by-mushegh-gevorgyan.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"eNewsletter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2005-03-27T22:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2014-10-08T19:08:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/globetrotters.co.uk\/newsletter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/pictures\/MarchApril-2005-263db315.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"The Beetle\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"The Beetle\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globetrotters.co.uk\\\/newsletter\\\/armenia-a-cradle-of-civilisation-by-mushegh-gevorgyan.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globetrotters.co.uk\\\/newsletter\\\/armenia-a-cradle-of-civilisation-by-mushegh-gevorgyan.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"The Beetle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globetrotters.co.uk\\\/newsletter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d88d8d26b7a5eee19d4a82efb44decf5\"},\"headline\":\"Armenia &#8211; 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